דף הביתשיעוריםSotah

Sotah 027

נושא: Sotah
BET MIDRASH VIRTUALI
of the Rabbinical Assembly in Israel


RABIN MISHNAH STUDY GROUP


Bet Midrash Virtuali
Today's shiur is dedicated by Steven Spronz in memory of his father, Richard Spronz, Yehuda Ben Moshe Zvi v'Sara Leah, whose 21st Yahrzeit fell yesterday, on 7 Marĥeshvan.

TRACTATE SOTAH, CHAPTER THREE, MISHNAH ONE:
He would take her cereal-offering from the wicker basket, put it into a [ritual] service utensil, and put it into her hand. The priest would now place his hand underneath and wave it.

EXPLANATIONS:

1:
After the officiating priest has adjured the woman and she has responded 'Amen, Amen' he now begins to offer the cereal-offering ('Minĥah') which accompanies the ceremony. In describing the Sotah ceremony the Torah [Numbers 5:15] states:

The husband shall present his wife to the priest, and shall bring her offering with her: the tenth part of an efah of barley meal. He shall pour no oil on it, nor put frankincense on it, for it is a meal offering of jealousy…

In the first mishnah of chapter 2 we learned:

He would bring her cereal-offering in a wicker basket and place it on her hands in order to tire her.

The 'he' here is the woman's husband, who would present his wife together with an offering of barley in a wicker basket. The woman would be required to hold this basket throughout the proceedings until the point which we have now reached.

2:
According to Rabbi Ovadyah of Bertinoro, in his commentary on our present mishnah, the 'he' refers to the woman's husband (and not the priest): the husband would transfer the barley from the wicker basket into a ritual container – a basin of precious metal – and would place this in the woman's hands. After that the officiating priest would place his hands under hers and together they would wave the offering in several directions (similar to the way that the Four Species are waved to this day during the festival of Sukkot).

DISCUSSION:

Mark Lautman writes:

In Sotah 024 you mentioned the application of the sotah ceremony to a levirate marriage. There is a concept in Jewish marriage (or arrangement of marriage) called "mi'un," in which the woman may refuse to marry her appointed groom. This may have occurred at times in the case of levirate marriage, in which a young widow may have been required to marry someone much older than herself (or her deceased husband). I don't recall this term coming up in kiddushin. Can you elaborate?

I respond:

When we studied Tractate Kiddushin, Chapter 3, Mishnah 7 I wrote:

Mi'un [Refusal] is the halakhic right of a minor female to come before a Bet Din (as long as she is under age) and to demand that the marriage made for her by her mother or brother be nullified. No reasons need be given. The Bet Din issues a certificate to the effect that at her request her marriage no longer exists… Mi'un does not apply to a marriage arranged by the Father. The father's 'right' is based upon Torah Law, which she cannot deny. Later poskim required the father to refrain from exercising such a right…

From this it becomes quite clear that the concept of Mi'un has nothing to do with an adult woman under normal circumstances.


When we studied the second mishnah of chapter 2 we noted that the officiating priest would take some dirt from under a special stone that was provided with a ring with which to haul it up and put this dirt into the water which the woman would be required to drink.

Richley Crapo asks:

In the phrase, 'from the floor of the sanctuary,' does 'sanctuary' refer to the Azarah or heikal?

I respond:

It refers to the Heikhal, the sanctuary building.


Part of the adjuration that the officiating priest uses with the woman contains the warning that 'your thigh will fall away and your body will swell'. Aviva Orenstein writes:

It has always struck me that the indication of infidelity prompted by the sotah waters seems a lot like a description of an abortion or a parody of a pregnancy gone wrong. If indeed drinking the waters aborts the fetus, this would explain why the husband cannot lie with the wife once he formally makes his suspicions known, on the chance a legitimate child would be aborted. Has anyone ever put forward this or a related theory?

I respond:

To the best of my knowledge this theory has not been put forward.


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